Response reviewer


Antibiotics used References for indications in sepsis References for use in animal models
in this study
Daptomycin
S. aureus endocarditis (25-40mg/kg) (Sakoulas, Eliopoulos, Alder, & Thauvin-eliopoulos, 2003). = NB: dose selection was refered to as mimicking human dose. • Laparotomy: 1mg/kg (De Winter et al., • CLP model of sepsis: 20 mg/kg (Ghiselli levels in patients in ICU peak is ~40min, but sufficient levels in 1h to act as anti-bacterial (Dahyot-Fizelier et al., 2010). Schlemmer, Azoulay, & Gachot, 2011; Trotman et al., 2005). • Model of intra-abdominal abscess: 25 • E. faecalis peritonitis (mice): 5.7 mg/kg (Nannini, Pai, Singh, & Murray, 2003). mg given every 12 h, and half-life of ~36 h, reviewed in (Noskin, 2005). • 25 mg/kg/day (Barza, Pinn, Tanguay, & • Endocarditis: 25 mg/kg i.p. every 8 h (Patel, Rouse, Piper, & Steckelberg, • S. aureus: 50 mg/kg/day (Murillo et al., 1. Aminimanizani, a. (2002). Distribution and elimination of tobramycin administered in single or multiple daily doses in adult patients with cystic fibrosis. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 50(4), 553–559. 2. Barza, M., Pinn, V., Tanguay, P., & Murray, T. (1978). Nephrotoxicity of newer cephalosporins and aminoglycosides alone and in combination in a rat model. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 4 Suppl A, 59–68. 3. Broome, L., & So, T.-Y. (2011). An evaluation of initial vancomycin dosing in infants, children, and adolescents. International journal of pediatrics, 2011, Article ID: 470364 (4 pages). 4. Chiappini, E., Conti, C., Galli, L., & De Martino, M. (2010). Clinical efficacy and tolerability of linezolid in pediatric patients: a systematic review. Clinical therapeutics, 32(1), 66–88. 5. Dahyot-Fizelier, C., Lefeuvre, S., Laksiri, L., Marchand, S., Sawchuk, R. J., Couet, W., & Mimoz, O. (2010). Kinetics of imipenem distribution into the peritoneal fluid of patients with severe peritonitis studied by microdialysis. Clinical pharmacokinetics, 49(5), 323–34. 6. De Winter, B. Y., Boeckxstaens, G. E., De Man, J. G., Moreels, T. G., Schuurkes, J. a, Peeters, T. L., Herman, a G., et al. (1999). Effect of different prokinetic agents and a novel enterokinetic agent on postoperative ileus in rats. Gut, 45(5), 713–8. 7. Frymoyer, A., Hersh, A., Coralic, Z., Benet, L., & Guglielmo, B. J. (2010). Prediction of Vancomycin Pharmacodynamics in Children With Invasive Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections: A Monte Carlo Simulation. Clin Ther, 32(3), 534–542. 8. Ghiselli, R., Giacometti, A., Cirioni, O., Mocchegiani, F., Viticchi, C., Scalise, G., & Saba, V. (2002). Cationic Peptides Combined with Betalactams Reduce Mortality from Peritonitis in Experimental Rat Model. Journal of Surgical Research, 108(1), 107–111. 9. Gibson, J., Johnson, L., Snowdon, L., Joshua, D., Young, G., MacLeod, C., Sader, C., et al. (1993). Single daily ceftriaxone and tobramycin in the empirical management of febrile neutropenic patients: a randomised trial. International Journal of Hematology (Vol. 58, pp. 63–72). 10. Hawkyard, C. V, & Koerner, R. J. (2007). The use of erythromycin as a gastrointestinal prokinetic agent in adult critical care: benefits versus risks. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 59(3), 347–58. 11. Legrand, M., Max, A., Schlemmer, B., Azoulay, E., & Gachot, B. (2011). The strategy of antibiotic use in critically ill neutropenic patients. Annals of intensive care, 1(1), 22. 12. Lu, A. (2011). Neonatal Sepsis Caused by Gram-negative Bacteria in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit  : A Six Years Analysis, 253–257. 13. McCormack, a J., Snipes, R. G., Dillon, J. J., Yang, J. J., & Finn, W. F. (1990). Primary renovascular effects of erythromycin in the rat: relationship to cyclosporine nephrotoxicity. Renal failure, 12(4), 241–8. 14. Murillo, O., Garrigós, C., Pachón, M. E., Euba, G., Verdaguer, R., Cabellos, C., Cabo, J., et al. (2009). Efficacy of high doses of daptomycin versus alternative therapies against experimental foreign-body infection by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 53(10), 4252–7. 15. Nannini, E. C., Pai, S. R., Singh, K. V, & Murray, B. E. (2003). Activity of Tigecycline (GAR-936), a Novel Glycylcycline, against Enterococci in the Mouse Peritonitis Model, 47(2), 529–532. 16. Nguyen, N. Q., Mangoni, a a, Fraser, R. J., Chapman, M., Bryant, L., Burgstad, C., & Holloway, R. H. (2007). Prokinetic therapy with erythromycin has no significant impact on blood pressure and heart rate in critically ill patients. British journal of clinical pharmacology, 63(4), 498–500. 17. Noskin, G. A. (2005). Tigecycline: a new glycylcycline for treatment of serious infections. Clin Infect Dis, 41(Suppl 5), S303–S314. 18. Patel, R., Rouse, M. S., Piper, K. E., & Steckelberg, J. M. (2001). Linezolid therapy of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium experimental endocarditis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 45(2), 621–623. 19. Sakoulas, G., Eliopoulos, G. M., Alder, J., & Thauvin-eliopoulos, C. (2003). Efficacy of Daptomycin in Experimental Endocarditis Due to Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, 47(5), 1714–1718. 20. Schülin, T., Thauvin-Eliopoulos, C., Moellering, R. C., & Eliopoulos, G. M. (1999). Activities of the oxazolidinones linezolid and eperezolid in experimental intra-abdominal abscess due to Enterococcus faecalis or vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 43(12), 2873–6. 21. Stein, G. E., & Craig, W. a. (2006). Tigecycline: a critical analysis. Clinical infectious diseases, 43(4), 518–24. 22. Swoboda, S., Ober, M., Hainer, C., Lichtenstern, C., Seiler, C., Wendt, C., Hoppe-Tichy, T., et al. (2008). Tigecycline for the treatment of patients with severe sepsis or septic shock: a drug use evaluation in a surgical intensive care unit. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 61(3), 729–33. 23. Tompkins, N. H. C., & Harnicar, S. J. (2008). Prescribing Trends with Daptomycin (Cubicin) For the Treatment of Gram-Positive Infections Drug Utilization Evaluation  : Daptomycin. P & T, 33(5), 282-288. 24. Trotman, R. L., Williamson, J. C., Shoemaker, D. M., & Salzer, W. L. (2005). Antibiotic dosing in critically ill adult patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy. Clinical infectious diseases  : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 41(8), 1159–66. 25. Vaudaux, P., Francois, P., Bisognano, C., Li, D., Lew, D. P., & Schrenzel, J. (2003). Comparative efficacy of daptomycin and vancomycin in the therapy of experimental foreign body infection due to Staphylococcus aureus. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 52(1), 89–95.

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