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Info-medications for bipolar disorder
bipolar disor ions fo er
The recognised standard treatment for bipolar
Types of Medications for Bipolar Disorder
disorder is medication, which focuses on
controlling or eliminating the symptoms and then
Mood Stabilisers
maintaining the symptom-free state by preventing
A mood stabiliser is a medication that is used to decrease the
relapse. The effective use of medication requires that you
chance of having further episodes of mania or depression.
work closely with your medical practitioner. Some patients
They are the first line agents for bipolar disorder. Depending
may respond well and experience few side effects with one
on the associated symptoms with this disorder, anti-
type of medication, while others may do better with another.
depressants or antipsychotics may also be used.
Thus, when taking medication, it is important that you
monitor its effects and consult with your doctor.
A mood stabiliser is given to a person as a maintenance
medication because it regulates mood swings but doesn’t take
Principles of Medication Management
away the cause. Feeling wel does not mean you can stop
taking mood stabilisers, it means the medication is keeping you
For medication to be of benefit, you should carefully
follow the prescribed treatment and take note of your
The most common mood stabilisers are Lithium Carbonate,
If side effects develop, these should be
Carbamazepine, and Sodium Valproate. Sometimes these
reported to your doctor as soon as possible
medications are used on their own or in combination with
to avoid prolonged discomfort. It is strongly
abruptly before first consulting with your
Antidepressants
doctor. This could bring on a return of a
Antidepressants can also be used with mood stabilisers in the
acute, continuation, and/or maintenance phases of medical
Alcohol, illicit medications, and other prescribed
treatment. There is no one particular antidepressant that is
medicines may cause your medication for bipolar
more effective than the others in bipolar disorder. In fact,
disorder to be ineffective and may increase side effects.
there is a significant risk for antidepressants to induce or
You should report all other medications and substances
cause a “switch” to manic or hypomanic episodes, especially if
you are taking to your doctor to ensure that none
a patient on antidepressants is not taking a mood stabiliser.
adversely interact with the medication prescribed for
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) -
Effective medical management of bipolar disorder
requires you to monitor your symptoms and side
effects, and work with your doctor to adjust dosages or
Tricyclics - imipramine, amitriptyline, desipramine,
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) - phenelzine and
Phases of Treatment
There are usually three phases to medical treatment for
Antipsychotic Medication
bipolar disorder. The most important aim, if you are
experiencing an episode of mania, hypomania, or major
Antipsychotics may also be used both in the acute phase of
depression, is to control or eliminate the symptoms so that
the disorder and sometimes as a longer term treatment.
they can return to a normal level of day-to-day functioning.
The duration of this acute phase of treatment may last from
Common antipsychotic agents include haloperidol,
6 weeks to 6 months. Sometimes, longer periods are
chlorpromazine, thioridazine, risperidone, and olanzapine.
necessary in order to find the most effective medications
These medications are often combined with mood stabilisers
to assist in controlling hallucinations, or delusions, to induce
sleep, to reduce inappropriate grandiosity, or decrease
In continuation treatment, the main aim is to maintain the
irritability or impulsive behaviours. These medications are
symptom-free state by preventing relapse, which is the
usually not used for treating hypomania. Although
antipsychotics are most often used in treatment of the acute
phase of mania, some patients may continue on smaller
The third phase, the maintenance phase, is critical and
dosages to ensure that they do not experience a relapse of
essential for all patients with bipolar disorder. The goal for
maintenance treatment is to prevent recurrence, that is, to
prevent new episodes of mania, hypomania, or depression
Another often used medication is clonazepam, which is classed
from occurring. For bipolar patients, as with other medical
under the benzodiazepines. This is used as an adjunct with
conditions such as diabetes or hypertension, maintenance
other medications (mood stabilisers and antipsychotics) to aid
treatment may last 5 years, 10 years, or a lifetime. But
in inducing sleep, reducing psychomotor agitation, and slowing
remember, prolonged symptom control will help you to
Remember that it is very important that you talk openly
For all phases of treatment and all medications, patients must
with your prescribing doctor or psychiatrist and not to stop
take the prescribed medication/s on a daily basis. Unlike
your medication without first discussing it with them.
medications like paracetamol or antibiotics that are taken
only when a person actually experiences a headache or has
This document is for information purposes only. Please refer to the full disclaimer and copyright statement available at Centre for
the ‘flu, medications for bipolar disorder must be taken
regularly – on both good days and bad days – at the same
http://www.cci.health.wa.gov.au regarding the Clinical information from this website before making Interventions
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