Microsoft word - cardiovascular drugs#100be6.doc

Adalat (Nifedipine) – Calcium channel blocker.
Aldactone (Spironolactone) – Diuretic, potassium sparing.
Aldomet (Methyldopa) – Centrally acting.
Apresoline (Hydralazine) – Direct acting vasodilator.
Calan (Verapamil) - Calcium channel blocker.
Capoten (Captopril) - ACE Inhibitor.
Catapress (Clonodine) – Centrally acting.
Cardizem (Diltizem) – Calcium channel blocker.
Corgard (Nadolol) – Nonselective Beta blocker.
Digitaline (Digitoxin) – Cardiac glycoside.
Diuril (Chlorothiazide) - Diuretic, thiazide.
Dyazide (Triamterene & Hydrochlorothiazide) – Diuretic, combination.
Dyrenium (Triamterene) – Diuretic, potassium sparing.
Hydrodiuril (Hydrochlorothiazide) – Diuretic, thiazide.
Inderal (Propranolol) – Nonselective Beta blocker.
Ismelin (Guanethidine) - Neuronal Blocker.
Isodril (Isosorbide dinitrate) –Antianginal.
Lanoxin (Digoxin) – Cardiac glycoside.
Lasix (Furosemide) – Diuretic, loop.
Levatol (Penbutolol) – Nonselective Beta blocker.
Lopressor (Metoprolol) - Cardioselective Beta Blocker.
Minipress (Prazosin) – Alpha Blocker, selective.
Monopril (Fosinopril) - ACE Inhibitor.
Nitrostat (Nitroglycerin) – Antianginal.
Norpace (Disopyramide) – Antiarrhythmic.
Oretic (Hydrochlorothiazide) – Diuretic, thiazide.
Procardia (Nifedipine) – Calcium channel blocker.
Rauval (Rauwolfia) - Neuronal Blocker.
Serpasil (Reserpine) - Neuronal Blocker.
Sorbitrate (Isosorbide dinitrate) –Antianginal.
Tenormin (Atenolol) - Cardioselective Beta Blocker.
Vasotec (Enalopril) - ACE Inhibitor.
Zestril (Lisinopril) - ACE Inhibitor.
ACE (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme) Inhibitors – Block effects of Angiotensin II (potentvasoconstrictor). May produce angioedema. Lichenoid reactions reported. Burning senation andloss of taste possible.
Alpha blockers - Nonselective are antagonists @ both Alpha-1 and Alpha -2 receptors.
Selective @ Alpha-1.
Antianginal. Nitrates are direct acting vasodilators.
Beta Blockers – Decrease force and rate of cardiac contraction. Also used in tachyarrythmiasand angina pectoris. Sometimes used to manage migraine. Nonselective are antagonists @ bothBeta-1 and Beta-2 receptors. Opiods may potentiate hypotensive effect. Hypertension andbradycardia possible with epinephrine in local anesthetics with nonselectives. Cardioselective areantagonists primarily @ Beta-1 (little action with epinephrine in local anesthetics). Opiods maypotentiate hypotensive effect.
Calcium Channel Blockers – Decrease calcium influx in vascular smooth muscle. Alsoantiarrhythmic effect and depress force and rate of cardiac contraction to various degrees.
Sometimes used to manage migraine. Verapamil used to prevent cluster headaches.Gingivalenlargement possible.
Cardiac Glycosides – Increase force of cardiac contraction & decrease heart rate. Used mainlyto treat congestive heart failure and certain arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation.
Centrally Acting – Alpha-2 agonist. Decrease peripheral sympathetic tone. NSAIDS mayantagonize. Opiods may potentiate hypotensive effect.
Diuretics – Increase sodium and water excretion. Potassium sparing may rarely causeagranulocytosis & thrombocytopenia. Loop may increase blood glucose. NSAIDS mayantagonize. Dry mouth. Lasix implicated in lupus-like syndrome.
Neuronal Blockers or Depleting Agents – Rarely prescribed. May cause epinephrine toproduce exaggerated cardiovascular effect. Deplete norepinephrine and other catecholaminesfrom adrenergic nerve endings.

Source: http://www.amadordentalspecialties.com/Pdf/Cardiovascular%20Drugs.pdf